A delivery model that explicitly prescribes the roles and functions of school counselors and programs is described as:

A delivery model that explicitly prescribes the roles and functions of school counselors and programs is described as:

• A. Non prescriptive models
• B. Essential services models
• C. Results-based models
• D. Prescriptive models

Answer: (D)

The main idea tested is how a counseling delivery model defines exactly what counselors do and what programs should include. When a model explicitly prescribes the roles and functions of school counselors and the programs, it sets clear expectations, duties, and activities so every school interprets and implements services in the same way. This kind of framework helps ensure consistency, accountability, and alignment with broader goals—because the responsibilities are laid out in advance rather than left open to interpretation. That clarity is what makes the prescriptive approach the best fit here. It moves beyond merely listing services or focusing on outcomes and instead codifies the exact duties and functions counselors are expected to perform, which is different from models that emphasize essential services without rigidly detailing all roles, or those that center on results and accountability without prescribing specific duties. Non-prescriptive models would be even more flexible and less standardized, which is the opposite of what this description is targeting.

The main idea tested is how a counseling delivery model defines exactly what counselors do and what programs should include. When a model explicitly prescribes the roles and functions of school counselors and the programs, it sets clear expectations, duties, and activities so every school interprets and implements services in the same way. This kind of framework helps ensure consistency, accountability, and alignment with broader goals—because the responsibilities are laid out in advance rather than left open to interpretation.

That clarity is what makes the prescriptive approach the best fit here. It moves beyond merely listing services or focusing on outcomes and instead codifies the exact duties and functions counselors are expected to perform, which is different from models that emphasize essential services without rigidly detailing all roles, or those that center on results and accountability without prescribing specific duties. Non-prescriptive models would be even more flexible and less standardized, which is the opposite of what this description is targeting.